Archery: The shooting of arrows or bolts from a bow.Backstop: A device constructed to stop or redirect bullets fired
on a range. This is usually an earthen structure, placed between 16 and
20 feet in vertical height, built in accordance with NRA recommended standards.Baffles: Barriers to contain bullets and to reduce, re-direct
or suppress sound waves and possible stray bullets. Baffles are placed
either overhead, alongside or at ground level to restrict or interrupt
errant or off target shots. A special baffle referred to as an eyebrow
can be placed at the firing line to provide cover and minimize problems
caused by double firing, or they can be placed atop backstops to ensure
on-site containment of all fired rounds.Berm: An embankment used between shooting ranges to divide them,
or positioned to restrict bullets to a specific area. These are built to
establish shooting lanes, and are usually 8 to 12 feet in vertical height.Bullet trap: A device designed to trap or capture entire bullets
or fragments versus redirecting the projectile into a water body, wetland
or earthen backstop.Firing distance: The distance between the firing line and the
target line.Firing line: A line parallel to the targets, from behind which
firearms are discharged. Firing Range: (1) A facility designed for the
purpose of providing a place on which to discharge firearms, shoot air
guns and/or archery equipment; (2) May refer to several ranges constructed
together, referred to as a complex or firing range complex.Handgun: A term used to describe pistols, either auto-loading,
single shot or cylinder types held in either one or two hands. Impact Area:
The area behind a target on a backstop or bullet trap where bullets are
expected to impact. This term may also refer to an area down range at an
outdoor range where bullets will impact if not captured by a backstop.Line of site: An imaginary straight line from the eye through
the sights of a firearm to the target.Misfire: Failure of a bullet cartridge to discharge after the
firearm's firing pin has struck the primer. Also referred to as a hangfire.Pistol: A firearm capable of being held, aimed and fired with
one hand. Also known as a revolver or hand gun. Plinking: Informal shooting
of any kind at inanimate objects.Range: The distance traveled by a projectile from a firearm to
the final point of impact. Three terms apply to range: "point blank", "effective"
and "maximum". For the purposes of shooting range design, point blank refers
to distances of five yards or less, effective range means the greatest
distance a projectile will travel with accuracy, maximum range means the
maximum distance a projectile will travel.Rifle: (1) A modern firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder,
generally having a barrel more than 15 inches long. Its main characteristic
is a rifled (knurled grooved) barrel that imparts a spin to a single projectile
as it travels through the bore. (2) Some rifles designed for military or
law enforcement use will have a pistol grip in lieu of a shoulder stock.Safety rules and regulations: Standards used in the operation
of a shooting range. Safety rules and regulations are set up to govern
the method of range operation to include health and safety procedures that
must be followed throughout the facility. Violation of range rules and
regulations generally carries penalties such as suspension or banishment
from a range for future use.Safety baffles: Vertical or sloping barriers designed to prevent
a projectiles from traveling into an undesired area or direction. Most
often used to prevent bullets from leaving the shooting range.Shotgun: (1) A firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder
with a smoothbore barrel that fires shotshells possessing a varying number
if round pellets. (2) Some barrels are designed to be used with rifled
slugs, most generally having smooth-bores, but in rare cases may be rifled.
Law enforcement and military shotguns may have a pistol grip in lieu of
a shoulder stock.Shotshell: A shotshell designed to be used in shotguns. It is
composed of a hull or shell, a primer, powder, shot cup or wad and shot.
Shells are normally composed of paper or plastic.Small arms: Firearms that may be discharged by one person, versus
artillery pieces. Small arms are not subject to precise definitions, but
the term generally refers to rifles, pistols, shotguns, submachine guns
and machine guns.Small bore: An NRA-sanctioned shooting event using .22 rimfire
rifles and bullets on bulls eye targets.Target line: A line parallel to the firing line along which targets
are placed. Trajectory: The path a projectile travels from the muzzle to
the point of final impact.Velocity: The speed at which a projectile travels (usually measured
and reported in feet per second or meters per second).
